India to Notify New Rules to Meet IMO’s Zero Emission Regulations; Ports and Shipping to Get Green Compliant

New Delhi, May 31, 2025 — India is on the verge of a significant transformation in its maritime sector with the impending notification of new regulatory rules to align with the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) ambitious zero emission framework. This move will place India among the leading maritime nations committed to achieving a sustainable and environmentally responsible shipping industry.

The new rules aim to ensure that Indian ports and shipping companies comply with the IMO’s roadmap to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships by 2050, pushing for greener, cleaner operations across the sector. This article delves into the details of India’s new regulatory framework, its significance in the global maritime context, and its expected impact on shipping and port operations in India.

Understanding IMO’s Zero Emission Regulations: A Global Maritime Revolution

The International Maritime Organization, a United Nations specialized agency, has set stringent regulations to curb carbon emissions from international shipping, which contributes nearly 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. IMO’s strategy focuses on:

• Reducing total annual greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping by at least 50% by 2050 compared to 2008 levels.

• Achieving net-zero emissions as soon as possible in the second half of this century.

• Promoting energy efficiency, alternative fuels, and innovative technologies.

Countries worldwide are expected to adopt and enforce these regulations to contribute toward the global climate goals under the Paris Agreement.

Why India’s Notification of New Rules Matters

India, with its extensive coastline and rapidly growing shipping industry, plays a crucial role in global maritime trade. The sector includes major ports, cargo handling operations, and a significant fleet of vessels registered under the Indian flag.

Strategic Significance:

• Reducing Maritime Emissions: India’s adherence will substantially reduce shipping-related pollution, improving air quality and coastal environmental health.

• Global Compliance: Aligning with IMO’s framework ensures India remains competitive in international shipping, avoiding potential trade restrictions.

• Sustainable Growth: The push towards green shipping will catalyze investments in cleaner fuels, port infrastructure modernization, and innovative maritime technologies.

Key Highlights of the Upcoming Rules

While the detailed rules are expected to be notified shortly by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW), early insights suggest a comprehensive framework that includes:

1. Mandatory Carbon Intensity Targets

Shipping companies operating in Indian waters will have to meet defined carbon intensity benchmarks, incentivizing energy-efficient vessel designs and operations.

2. Green Port Certification

Ports will be required to obtain green certification based on criteria such as use of renewable energy, pollution control measures, waste management, and shore power availability for docked vessels.

3. Adoption of Alternative Fuels

The use of low-carbon and zero-carbon fuels such as LNG, hydrogen, ammonia, and biofuels will be promoted, supported by government subsidies and infrastructure development.

4. Emission Monitoring and Reporting

Stringent monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems will be mandated for vessels and port operations, enhancing transparency and compliance.

5. Incentives and Penalties

The rules will incorporate incentives for early adopters of green technologies and penalties for non-compliance, encouraging faster transition.

Expected Impact on Ports and Shipping Industry

Ports

India’s major ports such as Mumbai, Chennai, Kochi, and Kolkata will undergo infrastructure upgrades, including:

• Installation of shore power facilities to reduce emissions from ships at berth.

• Transition to electric and hybrid cargo handling equipment.

• Enhanced waste treatment and recycling systems.

Shipping Companies

Indian shipping companies will face the dual challenge of upgrading or retrofitting vessels to comply with carbon intensity norms while managing operational costs. However, the long-term benefits include:

• Reduced fuel costs through efficiency gains.

• Access to green financing and international shipping contracts.

• Improved brand reputation and compliance with global maritime standards.

Challenges Ahead and Government Support

Implementing these ambitious green regulations is not without hurdles:

• Cost of Transition: High capital expenditure for fleet upgrades and port modernization.

• Technology Availability: Need for scalable, affordable green fuel technologies.

• Skill Development: Training manpower for new technologies and regulatory compliance.

Recognizing these challenges, the Indian government is likely to roll out financial incentives, tax benefits, and collaborative programs with international partners to ease the transition for the maritime sector.

Aligning with India’s Broader Environmental Commitments

India has pledged to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070 and is actively pursuing renewable energy targets. The maritime sector’s greening is a critical component of this national agenda. By adopting IMO-compliant regulations, India reinforces its commitment to sustainable development and contributes to global climate mitigation efforts.

Industry Reactions and International Perspectives

Industry stakeholders have largely welcomed the announcement, citing the necessity to future-proof Indian shipping. Environmental groups applaud the government’s proactive approach to tackling maritime pollution.

International observers note India’s move as a vital step towards a greener shipping future in the Indo-Pacific region, potentially influencing neighboring countries to follow suit.

A New Dawn for Indian Maritime Sector

India’s upcoming notification of IMO-aligned zero emission rules signals a transformative era for the country’s ports and shipping industry. While the transition poses challenges, the opportunity to lead in green shipping offers economic, environmental, and strategic benefits. As India embarks on this green journey, the maritime sector is poised to become a cornerstone of sustainable development, reinforcing India’s standing as a responsible global maritime nation.